Can the phase state be explained by mathematical formulas? Indian researcher Sethu Krishnan set out to do just that. Though he didn’t conduct experiments, he developed a purely theoretical model to account for unusual phenomena—especially lucid dreams and near-death experiences.
According to the author, success in lucid dreaming consists of three main components:
1. High meta-awareness – This refers to the dreamer’s recognition that they are indeed experiencing a dream.
2. Low ego filtering – In waking life, the ego constantly filters and controls our experiences, but these filters are weakened when we dream. In lucid dreams, reduced ego filtering allows for greater freedom, creativity, and experimentation without self-imposed constraints.
3. High meta-humility – To avoid waking up too soon, the dreamer must remain open to new ideas and allow the dream to unfold naturally. Maintaining awareness without constantly trying to control everything is key to staying in a dream.
Krishnan draws parallels between lucid dreams and near-death experiences, which involve a sudden “awakening” of consciousness during moments of extreme danger. In such cases, three things typically occur:
1. A surge in meta-layer activity – The mind suddenly switches into a kind of “super-conscious mode,” allowing the person to see their true self and life purpose with striking clarity.
2. Narrative identity – Life appears as one cohesive, structured, and meaningful story, like a film.
3. Time compression – Time seems to slow down or even stop. There’s a sensation of having infinite time to review memories and reflect on life.
Is there anything you’d add to these formulas?
The preprint of the article was published in July 2025 on OSF.
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